LC Filter Synthesizer

Butterworth · Chebyshev · LP/HP/BP/BS ladders · E-series snapping · S21/S11

Filter specification

Standard g-value ladder synthesis, impedance-scaled to Rs. Butterworth fc is the −3 dB point; Chebyshev fc is the ripple-band edge. BP/BS use fc as the band centre with the stated bandwidth mapped through the standard LP→BP/BS transform.

Even-order Chebyshev: equal terminations are impossible (gN+1 = coth²(β/4) ≠ 1), so for even N the load is forced to the required value — Rs·r when the last element is shunt, Rs/r when it is series — and your RL entry is ignored (a warning shows the value used). For Butterworth / odd Chebyshev the prototype assumes RL = Rs; if you enter a different RL the plot shows the true mismatched response.

The response plot always uses the snapped component values (exact ABCD cascade of the actual ladder), so E-series effects are real, not cosmetic.

Ladder schematic

Response — S21 / S11

Component values

RefPositionIdealSnappedError %